Wel, nie die blote feit dat ons Christene is nie. Talle Christene is nie gereformeerd nie. Die groot meerderheid Christene is nie gereformeerd nie. Ons betwyfel nie hulle Christenskap, omdat hulle nie gereformeerd is nie. Ons respekteer hulle oortuigings. Tog is dit vir ons self belangrik om gereformeerd te wees, omdat ons glo dat die gereformeerde verstaan van die Bybel die suiwerste is.
Maar wat is die besondere kenmerk van die gereformeerde verstaan van die Bybel? Daaroor kan baie gesê word, maar vir ons doel hier is dit belangrik om net die volgende te noem:
Die evangelie van genade
Gereformeerdes verstaan die boodskap van die Bybel as die evangelie van genade. Alle Christene kan dit ook sê, maar almal verstaan dit tog nie eenders nie. Saam met die Lutherane verstaan die Gereformeerdes die evangelie van genade as die boodskap dat ons uit genade alleen, sonder enige verdienste van ons kant, slegs vanweë die kruis van Christus gered word, en dat ons dit maar net kan ontvang deur die belofte van die evangelie te glo.
Dit beteken dat Gereformeerdes die boodskap van die verlossing uit genade op ’n radikale manier verstaan. Alle Christene glo dat ’n mens deur Gods genade gered word, maar in die meeste gevalle word tog een of ander element van menslike verdienste ingevoer wat meebring dat die redding nie as enkel uit genade verstaan word nie.
Soms word die genade as ’n soort krag verstaan wat God aan ’n mens gee om te kan doen wat Hy vra. Die krag van die genade sou ’n mens dan eintlik in staat stel om te doen wat nodig is om gered te word. Andere dink weer dat die geloof ’n voorwaarde is wat vervul moet word, op grond waarvan God jou dan red, al is jy nie in staat om goeie werke te doen nie. Die geloof word dan die één goeie werk op grond waarvan ’n mens gered word.
Albei hierdie opvattinge bevat ’n wettiese misverstand. Wanneer Gereformeerdes sê dat ’n mens deur die geloof alleen gered word, verstaan hulle die geloof nie as ’n verdienstelike werk nie, maar as die leë hand waarmee ons maar net ontvang wat God uit genade aan ons gee. Ons word werklik verniet, gratis, dit is: net deur Gods genade gered. Ons geloof is geen prestasie nie: dis maar net om te ontvang wat God ons uit vrye guns gee.
En wat meer is, ook daardie geloof is ’n geskenk van God. Die Bybel leer dat ’n mens se verlorenheid so radikaal en totaal is, dat ons geestelik dood is (Efesiërs 2:1). Ons kan nie uit onsself glo nie. Eers as God die wonder van ’n opwekking uit die dood aan ons verrig, kan ons glo. En God gee dit aan wie Hy wil. Dis ’n daad van sy verkiesende liefde. Dis genade om genade te kan ontvang. Dat Gereformeerdes die Bybelse leer van die uitverkiesing met dankbaarheid as die hart van die evangelie aanvaar, onderskei hulle van die meeste ander Christene. Maar juis dit maak ons gereformeerd.
Kerk van die Woord
Omdat Gereformeerdes glo dat ’n mens slegs uit genade en deur die geloof in die beloftes van die evangelie gered word, is die verkondiging van Gods Woord vir hulle van beslissende belang. ’n Protestantse kerk, glo Gereformeerdes, moet ’n kerk van die Woord wees. Die ideaal is dat die gemeente deur die omgang met die Woord van God opgebou word tot ’n mondige gemeente van belydende gelowiges wat nie net selfs in die heil deel nie, waar wat die eer van God op alle terreine van die lewe soek en as profete, priesters en konings vir Christus in die wêreld lewe en getuig.
Dit het geweldige gevolge vir die verstaan van die aard van die erediens. Nie die liturgie, sakramente, godsdienstige seremonies en religieuse praktyk nie, ook nie die gesellige saamwees van die gelowiges nie, maar die gepreekte Woord wat die verlorenheid van die mens onthul en die genade van God aan sondaars toesê, vorm die hart van die erediens en die hele bediening van die kerk.
Wanneer die Woord van God in welke opsig en om welke rede ook al uit sy sentrale posisie in die erediens en die kerklike lewe as geheel verdring word, is die gereformeerde karakter van die kerk in gevaar. Ook hierdie oortuiging maak ons gereformeerd.
Die wet van God
Dat die eer van God op alle terreine van die lewe gedien moet word, hang vir Gereformeerdes met hulle oortuiging saam dat ’n mens wat uit genade gered is – ook persoonlik deur die Gees geheilig en in die wêreld uitgestuur word om dáár die wil van God te doen.
Daarom neem Gereformeerdes ook die hele Woord van God ernstig op, as Ou en Nuwe Testament, as wet en evangelie. Hulle verstaan die Bybel nie net as die blye boodskap van vergiffenis nie, maar ook as die blye boodskap dat Christus die mag van die sonde oorwin het en dat gelowiges geroep word om in hulle hele lewe uit hierdie oorwinning van Christus te lewe en Gods gebod in alles te gehoorsaam.
Gereformeerdes is mense wat nie net hulle persoonlike lewe nie maar ook hulle gesins- en gemeenskapslewe, hulle arbeid en ekonomie, ja, óók hulle politieke lewe volgens die eise van Gods wet wil inrig. Hulle glo, soos Abraham Kuyper gesê het, dat daar geen duimbreedte van hierdie aardse werklikheid is waarvan Christus nie sê: “Dit is Myne!” nie. Dit is tipies gereformeerd om die wet van God op alle lewensterreine te wil gehoorsaam.
Die verbond
Dit was nooit die bedoeling dat daar binne Protestantse geledere verdeeldheid sou ontstaan nie. Tog het dit ongelukkig wel gebeur. Die eerste skeiding van die weë het gekom toe sommige binne die Protestantse geledere radikaal met die kerklike tradisie gebreek, die kinderdoop verwerp, die buitengewone gawes van die Gees nagejaag en die geesdriftige Christendom van 1 Korintiërs 14 as model vir die ware kerk aanvaar het.
Hierdie beweging, wat die Dopers of Wederdopers genoem is, het die ideaal van ’n radikale reformasie nagejaag. Hulle wou nie net die kerk hervorm nie, maar na die ervarings van die Pinksterdag en die soort godsdienstige belewing van die Korintiese gemeente terugkeer (1 Korintiërs 14). Daarby het hulle ook die kinderdoop verwerp.
Die Reformatore het hulle duidelik van die Dopers gedistansieer. Dit het hulle egter gedwing om die Bybelse gronde vir die kinderdoop te verhelder. Die Gereformeerdes het dit gedoen deur die leer van die verbond te ontwikkel. Die kerk het altyd geweet dat die verbond ’n basiese werklikheid in Gods verhouding tot sy volk is – soos daaruit blyk dat die Bybel se twee dele die Ou en die Nuwe Testament (dit is: die Ou en die Nuwe Verbond) genoem word. Maar dit was die taak van die gereformeerde teologie om die verbondsleer vollediger te ontwikkel.
Gereformeerdes glo dat God se verbond met Abraham vir die kerk van alle tye betekenis het. Hulle glo soos Paulus dat die kerk van die Nuwe Verbond ingeënt is op die olyfstam van Israel, die gemeente van God in die Ou Verbond (Romeine 11). Daarom aanvaar hulle dat die gemeente van Christus dieselfde verbondstruktuur as die gemeente van die Ou Testament besit. Die gemeente bestaan nie uit bekeerde individue nie, maar uit gelowige stamme. Die doop het in die plek van die besnydenis gekom. Spesifiek ook hierdie oortuiging maak ons gereformeerd.
Die Psalms
Die Reformasie het weggedoen met die liturgiese erediens van die Katolieke Kerk. Prediking en gebed het die hoofsaak van ’n sober erediens geword. Omdat Gods Woord die kerkdiens moet beheers, is daarop aangedring dat ook die kerklied Bybels moet wees. Dit was voor-die-handliggend om slegs Skriftuurlike liedere, en dus in die besonder net berymde Psalms te sing.
Ook toe later aanvaar is dat Nuwe-Testamentiese liedere in die erediens gesing moet word, was die bedoeling tog nie om die Psalms af te skeep nie. Wêreldwyd sing Gereformeerdes nog steeds graag die Psalms, omdat hulle hulleself deel maak van die een volk van God in die ou en die nuwe bedeling, en omdat hulle die Psalms verstaan as die geïnspireerde reaksie van Gods volk op sy liefde en tugtiging. ’n Kerk wat nie meer Psalms sing nie, kan moeilik gereformeerd bly.
Die ouderling en diaken
Ten slotte: Gereformeerdes is op grond van die Bybel daarvan oortuig dat plaaslike gemeentes selfstandige kerke in hulle eie reg is en dat die drie Bybelse ampte van leraar, ouderling en diaken in die kerk onderhou moet word. Op hierdie eenvoudige gegewens is die gereformeerde stelsel van kerkregering gebou wat alle priester-heerskappy en hiërargie uitsluit en daarvan uitgaan dat die Woord van God die maatstaf moet wees waaraan die besluite van alle kerklike vergaderinge gemeet moet word. Ook hierdie vorm van kerkregering maak ons gereformeerd.
WD Jonker, Die Kerkbode, 7 Junie 1996
Tuesday, April 21, 2020
Sunday, April 5, 2020
Covid-19 and Conspiracy Theories: what sits behind all conspiracy theories?
At the heart of Conspiracy Theories is a weak god in a duel with the wicked one - a form of yin and yang. A dualistic view of God and Evil, light and darkness, and victory and defeat. A god who is in an arm wrestle with darkness. Sometimes he has victories and other times he loses. Sometimes he outwits the evil one and other times he loses. This is the result of defeatism eschatology that people has been brainwashed with. An eschatology that taught people to focus more on the triumph of the wicked one and his schemes and not on the victory of Christ.
The evil one has been destroyed and Christ has him under his feet. God judges the secrets of evil men as all of them finds themselves in the grave today. Those who are alive today will follow the same course. The Bible teaches whatever man meant for evil God meant for good. In all things, good and evil, His good purposes will be accomplished. Science and medicine will accomplish the good purpose of God. We can rest on the cushion of Christ's victory and the Father's sovereignty.
Stop listening to Google, YouTube and the Internet, trying to kick up dust for the defeated enemy, trying to create a smoke screen for his nonexistent victories. It's all an illusion of a defeated and disarmed enemy. Satan is a pion in God's hands. Like Luther said, "The devil is God's devil." Wake up Christian and live in the peace of Chris's victory and reign. God's people is not part of a loosing kingdom. The message of Revelation is: the King of glory has won and His kingdom is busy overtaking the world.
The evil one has been destroyed and Christ has him under his feet. God judges the secrets of evil men as all of them finds themselves in the grave today. Those who are alive today will follow the same course. The Bible teaches whatever man meant for evil God meant for good. In all things, good and evil, His good purposes will be accomplished. Science and medicine will accomplish the good purpose of God. We can rest on the cushion of Christ's victory and the Father's sovereignty.
Stop listening to Google, YouTube and the Internet, trying to kick up dust for the defeated enemy, trying to create a smoke screen for his nonexistent victories. It's all an illusion of a defeated and disarmed enemy. Satan is a pion in God's hands. Like Luther said, "The devil is God's devil." Wake up Christian and live in the peace of Chris's victory and reign. God's people is not part of a loosing kingdom. The message of Revelation is: the King of glory has won and His kingdom is busy overtaking the world.
Saturday, March 14, 2020
God's Covenant Children
This sermon was preached by Dr James Montgomery Boice on Genesis 17. He explores the idea that children of believers are included in the covenant and hence eligible to receive the covenant sign. He further explains how this principle continues into the New Testament. In other words, God has never changed His mind, the children of believers are covenant children (1 Cor. 7:14; Acts 2:39).
You can listen to his sermon below.
Play or Download Here
You can listen to his sermon below.
Play or Download Here
Friday, January 31, 2020
THE HOLOCAUST OF OUR GENERATION
“You shall not murder” Exodus 20:13
At the heart of abortion rests one overarching question: Is abortion murder - the wilful destruction of a human being? In South Africa, over 1 million babies have been aborted since its legalisation in 1997. The argument used to justify abortion is that the fetus is not a human life and can therefore be terminated. Is this true?
When does life begin? The Bible tells us that life begins at conception. “You knitted me together in my mother’s womb. I am fearfully and wonderfully made. Wonderful are your works” (Ps. 139-13-16). Even the medical world acknowledges that life begins at conception. “When the sperm joins the ovum, these two individual cells cease to be, and their union generates a new and distinct organism. This organism is a member of the human species.” ~ Dr. Robert P. George
Conception is an act of God: The Bible says, “Behold, children are a gift of the Lord, the fruit of the womb is a reward” (Ps. 127:3). “Who had set me apart even from my mother’s womb and called me through His grace” (Gal. 1:15). God knows a baby even before conception. “Before I formed you in the womb I knew you, and before you were born I consecrated you” (Jer. 1:5).
What about deformed babies? “Who has made man’s mouth? Or who makes him mute or deaf, or seeing or blind? Is it not I, the Lord?” (Ex. 4:11). Babies are a gift of God whether they have a disability or not. Would you kill a new born baby that has Down syndrome?
What about unwanted pregnancies? God is sovereign over everything. The Bible says, “I form light and create darkness; I make well-being and create calamity; I am the LORD, who does all these things” (Is. 45:7). Joseph said, “People meant evil against me, but God meant it for good” (Gen. 50:20). Unwanted pregnancies, even in the tragedy of rape, have a purpose through the wisdom of God.
Is abortion murder? Yes, because a woman is not merely carrying cells in her womb; she is carrying a person who has been created in the image of God. “God created man in His own image, in the image of God He created him; male and female” (Gen. 1:26-31). At 4 weeks a heart beat; at six weeks bodily movements and brainwaves recorded; five weeks later a smile; and by 12 weeks already sucking his thumb. The Bible says, “You shall not murder” (Ex. 20:13). “Whoever sheds human blood, by humans shall their blood be shed; for in the image of God has God made mankind” (Gen. 9:6).
What should you do? All of us have fallen short of God's perfect standard (Rom. 3:23). Whether we have lied, stolen, hated, are considering an abortion, or have already had one...all have sinned, and will be held accountable by Him, with Hell being the place of eternal punishment. But there is great hope for sinners - for you and I both. God provided the solution to sin by sending His only Son to "reconcile to Himself all things, whether on earth or in heaven, making peace by the blood of His cross" (Col. 1:20).
Jesus, who is God, became a man to die in your place so that you may live. "God so loved the world that He gave His one and only Son, that whoever believes in Him shall not perish but have eternal life" (John 3:16). Turn from your sin (repent) and put your faith & trust in Jesus Christ alone. He will forgive you, and grant you the gift of everlasting life. Then begin to grow as a believer by reading the Bible, joining a faithful church, and being much in prayer.
Please watch: https://www.livingwaters.com/movie/180movie/
If you need any counselling please contact us:
Tel: +27 (82) 990 2359 (Jaco de Beer)
Epos: dbeerj@gmail.com
At the heart of abortion rests one overarching question: Is abortion murder - the wilful destruction of a human being? In South Africa, over 1 million babies have been aborted since its legalisation in 1997. The argument used to justify abortion is that the fetus is not a human life and can therefore be terminated. Is this true?
When does life begin? The Bible tells us that life begins at conception. “You knitted me together in my mother’s womb. I am fearfully and wonderfully made. Wonderful are your works” (Ps. 139-13-16). Even the medical world acknowledges that life begins at conception. “When the sperm joins the ovum, these two individual cells cease to be, and their union generates a new and distinct organism. This organism is a member of the human species.” ~ Dr. Robert P. George
Conception is an act of God: The Bible says, “Behold, children are a gift of the Lord, the fruit of the womb is a reward” (Ps. 127:3). “Who had set me apart even from my mother’s womb and called me through His grace” (Gal. 1:15). God knows a baby even before conception. “Before I formed you in the womb I knew you, and before you were born I consecrated you” (Jer. 1:5).
What about deformed babies? “Who has made man’s mouth? Or who makes him mute or deaf, or seeing or blind? Is it not I, the Lord?” (Ex. 4:11). Babies are a gift of God whether they have a disability or not. Would you kill a new born baby that has Down syndrome?
What about unwanted pregnancies? God is sovereign over everything. The Bible says, “I form light and create darkness; I make well-being and create calamity; I am the LORD, who does all these things” (Is. 45:7). Joseph said, “People meant evil against me, but God meant it for good” (Gen. 50:20). Unwanted pregnancies, even in the tragedy of rape, have a purpose through the wisdom of God.
Is abortion murder? Yes, because a woman is not merely carrying cells in her womb; she is carrying a person who has been created in the image of God. “God created man in His own image, in the image of God He created him; male and female” (Gen. 1:26-31). At 4 weeks a heart beat; at six weeks bodily movements and brainwaves recorded; five weeks later a smile; and by 12 weeks already sucking his thumb. The Bible says, “You shall not murder” (Ex. 20:13). “Whoever sheds human blood, by humans shall their blood be shed; for in the image of God has God made mankind” (Gen. 9:6).
What should you do? All of us have fallen short of God's perfect standard (Rom. 3:23). Whether we have lied, stolen, hated, are considering an abortion, or have already had one...all have sinned, and will be held accountable by Him, with Hell being the place of eternal punishment. But there is great hope for sinners - for you and I both. God provided the solution to sin by sending His only Son to "reconcile to Himself all things, whether on earth or in heaven, making peace by the blood of His cross" (Col. 1:20).
Jesus, who is God, became a man to die in your place so that you may live. "God so loved the world that He gave His one and only Son, that whoever believes in Him shall not perish but have eternal life" (John 3:16). Turn from your sin (repent) and put your faith & trust in Jesus Christ alone. He will forgive you, and grant you the gift of everlasting life. Then begin to grow as a believer by reading the Bible, joining a faithful church, and being much in prayer.
Please watch: https://www.livingwaters.com/movie/180movie/
If you need any counselling please contact us:
Tel: +27 (82) 990 2359 (Jaco de Beer)
Epos: dbeerj@gmail.com
Monday, January 27, 2020
Semper Reformanda - The Church Reformed, Always Reforming.
The phrase ecclesia reformata, semper reformanda (the church reformed, always reforming) has been used so often as to make it a motto or slogan. People have used it to support a surprising array of theological and ecclesiastical programs and purposes. Scholars have traced its origins to a devotional book written by Jodocus van Lodenstein in 1674. Van Lodenstein, no doubt, had no intention of being a phrase-maker or sloganeer. What was his intention, and what did he mean by this phrase?
Van Lodenstein was a minister in the Reformed Church of the United Provinces in what we know today as the Netherlands. This church was born of decades of faithful preaching by ministers—many educated in Geneva—who risked their lives to carry the gospel, first into the French-speaking regions of the Low Countries, and later into the Dutch-speaking regions farther north. Some ministers were martyred for their faith, but they gathered a rich harvest of committed believers. Their message of the need for the reform of the church according to the Bible resonated with many who saw the corruptions of the old church.
Under the rulers Charles V and Philip II, the government of the Low Countries made every effort to suppress the Reformed religion, which was a large part of the reason for the Dutch revolt against their Spanish overlords. This revolt (1568-1648) became known as the Eighty Years’ War, giving birth to a new state in the northern part of the Low Countries. In this new state—the Dutch Republic, also known as the United Provinces—the Reformed Church was dominant, receiving government support and becoming the church of the majority of the population by the middle of the seventeenth century.
This church subscribed to the Belgic Confession (1561) and the Heidelberg Catechism (1563), and had an essentially presbyterian form of government. Interference from the Protestant civil authorities of the new state limited the freedom of the Reformed Church, particularly in matters of discipline. That interference, in part, led to a crisis in the church in the early seventeenth century with the rise of Arminianism. That crisis was addressed and settled at the great international synod held in the city of Dordrecht in 1618-19. The Canons of Dort prepared at this synod became another doctrinal authority in the life of the church.
Jodocus van Lodenstein was born into a prominent family in the city of Delft in 1620. He was educated by two of the most distinguished Reformed professors of the day: the scholastic and pietist theologian Gisbertus Voetius of Utrecht and the covenant theologian Johannes Cocceius of Franeker. While being personally friendly with both theologians, he was more influenced by Voetius. Voetius stressed both precise theology and Christian living. Van Lodenstein was called to serve as a pastor in Utrecht, where he ministered from 1653 until his death in 1677. As a pastor, he always encouraged the faithful to disciplined, vital Christianity.
Van Lodenstein was an inheritor of a body clearly and fully reformed according to the Reformed or Calvinistic interpretation of the Bible. The Calvinists often described their vision of the church in three categories: doctrine, worship, and church government. In all three of these areas, the Dutch Reformed Church was thoroughly Calvinistic, similar in most ways to Calvinistic churches throughout the rest of Europe.
No church’s life is ever static, however, and van Lodenstein certainly saw some changes in his lifetime. In doctrine, for example, Reformed theologians were developing a covenant theology that would give great insight into both the structure of the unfolding revelation of the Bible and the work of Christ. Most Reformed Christians have seen this as a real theological advance. Van Lodenstein also saw the increasing use of the organ in public worship in the Reformed churches in his time. He knew the debates as to whether this change was a reformation or a deformation in the worship of the church. Are these the kinds of changes that he had in mind when he wrote about a church reformed and always reforming?
The answer to this question is no. Van Lodenstein was not thinking about adjustments and improvements to the church’s doctrine, worship, and government. These matters of external reform had been absolutely necessary when the Reformers accomplished them in the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries. But for Calvinists like van Lodenstein, they had been definitively accomplished and settled. He was not contemplating the value of relatively minor changes. He was not a man of later centuries who believed progress and change were necessary and good in and of themselves. He believed the Bible was clear on the foundations of doctrine, worship, and government, and that the Reformed churches had reformed these things correctly. In this sense, reform was a return to the teaching of the Bible. The Reformers had gotten these things right, and they were settled.
The great concern of ministers like van Lodenstein was not the externals of religion—as absolutely important as they are—but rather the internal side of religion. Van Lodenstein was a Reformed pietist and part of the Dutch Second Reformation. As such, his religious concerns were very similar to those of the English Puritans. They all believed that once the externals of religion had been carefully and faithfully reformed according to the Word of God, the great need was for ministers to lead people in the true religion of the heart. They saw the great danger of their day not as false doctrine or superstition or idolatry, but as formalism. The danger of formalism is that a church member could subscribe to true doctrine, participate in true worship in a biblically regulated church, and yet still not have true faith. As Jesus had warned against the Pharisees of His day, citing the prophet Isaiah, “This people honors me with their lips, but their heart is far from me” (Matt. 15:8).
The part of religion that always needs reforming is the human heart. It is vital religion and true faith that must be constantly cultivated. Formalism, indifferentism, and conformism must all be vigorously opposed by a faithful ministry.
Van Lodenstein and those who stood with him believed that the Canons of Dort presented a vision of true religion like their own. In the battle against Arminianism, one of the great issues had been the doctrine of regeneration. In sixteenth-century Reformed theology, theologians used regeneration as one of several synonyms for sanctification. So, for example, Article 24 of the Belgic Confession could state that we are regenerated by faith. But in the struggle against the Arminians, regeneration took on a more technical meaning, referring to the sovereign work of the Holy Spirit in planting the new life in the soul that is necessary for faith. This new use of regeneration explained how faith was a gift of God, not the work of human free will. But it also explained how Christians were, by the grace of God, able to live a new life, pursuing holiness. The Canons of Dort declared:
This doctrine of regeneration was used, then, to stress the new principle of life in the Christian and the need for that new life to be lived out. The Christian needed to eschew formalism and live out his faith in the daily struggle against sin, finding rest and hope in the promises and Spirit of God.
So what did van Lodenstein mean by his famous phrase reformed and always reforming? Probably something like this: since we now have a church reformed in the externals of doctrine, worship, and government, let us always be working to ensure that our hearts and lives are being reformed by the Word and Spirit of God. Whatever other meanings may be made of this phrase, this original meaning is well worth pondering and preserving.
This article was originally published in Tabletalk Magazine and is republished here with permission from Ligonier Ministries.
Source: What Does Semper Reformanda Mean?, 2017, W. Robert Godfrey, Ligonier Ministries
Van Lodenstein was a minister in the Reformed Church of the United Provinces in what we know today as the Netherlands. This church was born of decades of faithful preaching by ministers—many educated in Geneva—who risked their lives to carry the gospel, first into the French-speaking regions of the Low Countries, and later into the Dutch-speaking regions farther north. Some ministers were martyred for their faith, but they gathered a rich harvest of committed believers. Their message of the need for the reform of the church according to the Bible resonated with many who saw the corruptions of the old church.
Under the rulers Charles V and Philip II, the government of the Low Countries made every effort to suppress the Reformed religion, which was a large part of the reason for the Dutch revolt against their Spanish overlords. This revolt (1568-1648) became known as the Eighty Years’ War, giving birth to a new state in the northern part of the Low Countries. In this new state—the Dutch Republic, also known as the United Provinces—the Reformed Church was dominant, receiving government support and becoming the church of the majority of the population by the middle of the seventeenth century.
This church subscribed to the Belgic Confession (1561) and the Heidelberg Catechism (1563), and had an essentially presbyterian form of government. Interference from the Protestant civil authorities of the new state limited the freedom of the Reformed Church, particularly in matters of discipline. That interference, in part, led to a crisis in the church in the early seventeenth century with the rise of Arminianism. That crisis was addressed and settled at the great international synod held in the city of Dordrecht in 1618-19. The Canons of Dort prepared at this synod became another doctrinal authority in the life of the church.
Jodocus van Lodenstein was born into a prominent family in the city of Delft in 1620. He was educated by two of the most distinguished Reformed professors of the day: the scholastic and pietist theologian Gisbertus Voetius of Utrecht and the covenant theologian Johannes Cocceius of Franeker. While being personally friendly with both theologians, he was more influenced by Voetius. Voetius stressed both precise theology and Christian living. Van Lodenstein was called to serve as a pastor in Utrecht, where he ministered from 1653 until his death in 1677. As a pastor, he always encouraged the faithful to disciplined, vital Christianity.
Van Lodenstein was an inheritor of a body clearly and fully reformed according to the Reformed or Calvinistic interpretation of the Bible. The Calvinists often described their vision of the church in three categories: doctrine, worship, and church government. In all three of these areas, the Dutch Reformed Church was thoroughly Calvinistic, similar in most ways to Calvinistic churches throughout the rest of Europe.
No church’s life is ever static, however, and van Lodenstein certainly saw some changes in his lifetime. In doctrine, for example, Reformed theologians were developing a covenant theology that would give great insight into both the structure of the unfolding revelation of the Bible and the work of Christ. Most Reformed Christians have seen this as a real theological advance. Van Lodenstein also saw the increasing use of the organ in public worship in the Reformed churches in his time. He knew the debates as to whether this change was a reformation or a deformation in the worship of the church. Are these the kinds of changes that he had in mind when he wrote about a church reformed and always reforming?
The answer to this question is no. Van Lodenstein was not thinking about adjustments and improvements to the church’s doctrine, worship, and government. These matters of external reform had been absolutely necessary when the Reformers accomplished them in the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries. But for Calvinists like van Lodenstein, they had been definitively accomplished and settled. He was not contemplating the value of relatively minor changes. He was not a man of later centuries who believed progress and change were necessary and good in and of themselves. He believed the Bible was clear on the foundations of doctrine, worship, and government, and that the Reformed churches had reformed these things correctly. In this sense, reform was a return to the teaching of the Bible. The Reformers had gotten these things right, and they were settled.
The great concern of ministers like van Lodenstein was not the externals of religion—as absolutely important as they are—but rather the internal side of religion. Van Lodenstein was a Reformed pietist and part of the Dutch Second Reformation. As such, his religious concerns were very similar to those of the English Puritans. They all believed that once the externals of religion had been carefully and faithfully reformed according to the Word of God, the great need was for ministers to lead people in the true religion of the heart. They saw the great danger of their day not as false doctrine or superstition or idolatry, but as formalism. The danger of formalism is that a church member could subscribe to true doctrine, participate in true worship in a biblically regulated church, and yet still not have true faith. As Jesus had warned against the Pharisees of His day, citing the prophet Isaiah, “This people honors me with their lips, but their heart is far from me” (Matt. 15:8).
The part of religion that always needs reforming is the human heart. It is vital religion and true faith that must be constantly cultivated. Formalism, indifferentism, and conformism must all be vigorously opposed by a faithful ministry.
Van Lodenstein and those who stood with him believed that the Canons of Dort presented a vision of true religion like their own. In the battle against Arminianism, one of the great issues had been the doctrine of regeneration. In sixteenth-century Reformed theology, theologians used regeneration as one of several synonyms for sanctification. So, for example, Article 24 of the Belgic Confession could state that we are regenerated by faith. But in the struggle against the Arminians, regeneration took on a more technical meaning, referring to the sovereign work of the Holy Spirit in planting the new life in the soul that is necessary for faith. This new use of regeneration explained how faith was a gift of God, not the work of human free will. But it also explained how Christians were, by the grace of God, able to live a new life, pursuing holiness. The Canons of Dort declared:
"When God carries out this good pleasure in his chosen ones, or works true conversion in them, he not only sees to it that the gospel is proclaimed to them outwardly, and enlightens their minds powerfully by the Holy Spirit so that they may rightly understand and discern the things of the Spirit of God, but, by the effective operation of the same regenerating Spirit, he also penetrates into the inmost being of man, opens the closed heart, softens the hard heart, and circumcises the heart that is uncircumcised. He infuses new qualities into the will, making the dead will alive, the evil one good, the unwilling one willing, and the stubborn one compliant; he activates and strengthens the will so that, like a good tree, it may be enabled to produce the fruits of good deeds."
This doctrine of regeneration was used, then, to stress the new principle of life in the Christian and the need for that new life to be lived out. The Christian needed to eschew formalism and live out his faith in the daily struggle against sin, finding rest and hope in the promises and Spirit of God.
So what did van Lodenstein mean by his famous phrase reformed and always reforming? Probably something like this: since we now have a church reformed in the externals of doctrine, worship, and government, let us always be working to ensure that our hearts and lives are being reformed by the Word and Spirit of God. Whatever other meanings may be made of this phrase, this original meaning is well worth pondering and preserving.
This article was originally published in Tabletalk Magazine and is republished here with permission from Ligonier Ministries.
Source: What Does Semper Reformanda Mean?, 2017, W. Robert Godfrey, Ligonier Ministries
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